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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Arctic Ocean (2002)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Arctic Ocean (2002)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Arctic Ocean (2002)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsArctic Ocean
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) -
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
-
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts -
Airports 1 (2006) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
-
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 14.056 million sq km


note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.
Birth rate NA -
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
-
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
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Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
Coastline 26 km 45,389 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 -
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
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Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population -
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states); Russia is the first state to submit data to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to extend its continental shelf by claiming two undersea ridges in the Arctic Ocean
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays -
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) -
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
-
Exports $NA -
Exports - commodities copra -
Exports - partners Australia (2004) -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description the flag of Australia is used -
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 90 00 N, 0 00 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months
Imports $NA -
Imports - commodities foodstuffs -
Imports - partners Australia (2004) -
Independence none (territory of Australia) -
Industries copra products and tourism -
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
-
International organization participation none -
Irrigated land NA -
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court -
Labor force NA -
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
-
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English -
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws -
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
-
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
-
Literacy NA -
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle
Map references Southeast Asia Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
-
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) -
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
-
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
Natural resources fish sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)
Net migration rate NA -
Political parties and leaders none -
Political pressure groups and leaders none -
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) -
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) -
Ports and harbors - Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) -
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) -
Suffrage NA -
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
-
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) -
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available -
Television broadcast stations NA -
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)
Total fertility rate NA -
Transportation - note - sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) -
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